State Grid: too much emphasis on the market is not conducive to the network security and management
India electric power outages have half month, two large power grid and each big media responded quickly, experts have gathered, is not the cause of the accident itself, but behind, more important is the future of power grid planning and construction? How to manage and schedule? Nip in the bud is the key.
In ten years of electric power system reform, the State Grid has once again made clear to the national network. While this concept comes from the UHV construction. After entering 2005, the State Grid officially start construction of special high-voltage power grid, and planning during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" form "of UHV power grid three vertical and three horizontal part", thus formed, northwest, northeast and North China Southern Power Grid by DC, East China and central China "Sanhua" UHV synchronous power grid frame to realize the asynchronous connection, finally realize the power transmission from west to East, mutual supply between South and North, nationwide interconnection.
But domestic opposition to UHV voice never stopped, repeatedly petitioned the State Council, strongly opposed the construction of UHV power reform of senior experts, the SERC Information Center Statistics Director Yang Mingzhou told reporters: "India is because the current out of the thing, our country also follow behind to proceed without hesitation to go? Accident direction? UHV consists of AC and DC, the situation in India is a reflection of the problem of communication is very large, especially now that the national grid to find the" Sanhua network ", the land of three area power grid combined. Once the accident, the problem is very serious. This is now our country has several military, national network is equivalent to all the military and the military are removed, only to set up a central headquarters, this feasible? Once a foreign invasion, or local wars, a headquarters can do? This will not work."
From this perspective, the national network is not feasible, according to a senior expert of the electric power industry, and in Wang Zhonghong's view, in the whole world, to solve a wide range of power disaster approach is the hierarchical partitioning. Hierarchical voltage levels, is 500000 V, 220000 V, 110000 V operation cannot be separated, each string in the connection. If the 500000 volts and 220000 volts on the connection of each string, then there will be very weak and strong links, it is very easy problems. The district that the grid range must be separated, such as the North China Power Grid and the Northeast power grid division, using asynchronous grid pattern, that is to say if the North China power grid is out of the question, also is a range, not to other regions of conduction. But if the North China Power Grid and the Northeast power grid connected at the highest voltage level, become synchronized power grid, once a major accident, the chain reaction can easily be conduction, the Northeast Power Grid and North China power grid will each other down, a nationwide disaster.
That is to say, if the national power grid are connected by UHV, so if a dynamic stability problem, it is easy to cause the blackout. "India six hundred million power mean? Can't be generating units for six hundred million people at the same time the use of the failure? May? There will be such a large range of power, because the characteristics of AC synchronized power grid. This is a very big warning to us." The expert told the reporter.
Including the India continuous blackout, in recent years, a large area power outage events have the United States, Russia, Brazil, Japan, South Korea, Chile, brought more negative influence to the local economic development, social stability and international image, has important warning and reference for us. We must draw profound lessons, to take targeted measures, do a good job in the construction and the work of production safety of power grid in China, and resolutely prevent large area blackout.
We must always put the power grid safety in the first place. Study on the deep reasons of the blackout, there is too much emphasis on the market, not the factor of safety in the first place. In the private ownership of the market operation environment, between various parties in the process of pursuing the interests of tend to ignore the safety and reliability of power supply. In 2002, India emphasized the leading role of Private Companies in the electric power construction and reform. This pattern is clearly overestimated. No coordination mechanism of the decentralized scheduling, no information sharing system, there can be no more quantitative analysis and control of security and stability of the support decision. Unable to coordinate the preventive control and emergency control, not to mention the adaptive protection system and online periodically refresh various potential accident response plan. The India continuous outage preliminary judgment, each state in order to fully meet power supply itself, at the expense of the overall power system security.
Must adhere to the uniform grid management. The direct cause of these international large area blackout, is because the process of coordination of too many links, local accident not control in time, eventually developed into a large area blackout. One of the reasons for the India blackout, is also a lack of management mechanism of unity. Power Grid Corporation of India to the central transmission, distribution operation by each state power and private power companies, power system operation control capability shortage. The state did not obey the power load transfer, to obtain excess load situation from the grid, the State Grid overload operation, leading to the collapse of the power system. But in our country, the scheduling management system, can make correct judgement in a very short period of time, formed immediately perform scheduling instruction, make the correct treatment of fault. In July 11, 2007, the squall line wind influence, the Jiangsu power grid 3 500000 volt line one after another trip; in July 25th of that year, North Jiangsu squall line in Jiangsu power grid wind again lead 1 to 500000 volts and 220000 volts two-wire line 3 lines have fault trip. The two system after a fault occurred, the unified dispatching command, Jiangsu power grid rapidly and successfully for the fault processing, sacrifice local interest to ensure the power grid and the greater part of state property and the interests of the masses, the effects of the accident to a minimum. The resulting benefits are not in the market to measure.
The India blackout events again to verify, power planning, construction and operation system overly dispersed, not conducive to the safe and stable operation of power grid, the grid must adhere to the "unified planning, unified construction, unified management, unified scheduling". Reuters: one of the three major international rating agency Fitch believes that, in order to prevent blackouts, a pressing matter of the moment is to strengthen the India power grid dispatching management, through the implementation of reward and punishment, to improve enforcement of scheduling rules. Adhere to the integration of transmission and distribution, power grid dispatching integration is also our country for many years to complete the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games security, World Expo 2010 Shanghai Bao Electrical and other major security tasks, keep the valuable experience of the security and stability of the grid.
The power cuts also questioned India's implementation of the "national synchronization network plan" (the program started in 2000, will be 2014 implementation). India official said, the July 31st grid collapse accident, is the Northeast Power Grid by grid north east of power supply and power grid voltage shock occurred on the same day, the North conducted to the connected Eastern grid and the Northeast power grid, resulting in three a trip. It is because of the southern not connected to the Internet was not affected.
Analysis of group of experts Li Guangkai think, networking and not each have advantages and disadvantages. Similar with China, the unbalanced development of regional economy, by partitioning the load area and power supply area, India East power sent West burden, China needs the power transmission from west to East, Nortel South sent, which determines the necessity of network. But the network is bound to increase regional accident risk, shall be equipped with emergency security measures enough. At present, China Southern Power Grid system security measures are perfect, this is the India missing.
For India, it should be to improve the total harmonic relationship between regional scheduling, pay more attention to monitoring the load center point; change the relationship between transportation and distribution, and, as far as possible to increase power supply and standby power supply; increase investment in protection, protection device.
On China's warning, is must pay more attention to the safety. At a time when the summer peak electricity, the power transmission from west to East will appear full load carrying, increase inspections and maintenance efforts on line power supply equipment, especially important. Review the past, China Southern Power Grid to ensure power supply of five provinces, and never occurred in a large area power outage, it is in large part due to the construction of unified planning, unified management and scheduling, adhere to the integration of transmission and distribution, which is worthy of affirmation. No matter how to promote the future reform of the electricity market, power grid security remains the first priority.
One of the China State Grid Corp development goals, is through the construction of UHV AC transmission line, the jurisdiction of the regional power grid into a synchronized power grid, the construction of "three vertical and three horizontal one ring", East China, central China, realization of UHV AC "Sanhua network".
"Design of the Chinese power market No. 5 document is based on the regional power grid for the direction of development, it is considered from the safety and management point of view, now the regional power grid brand still, but the function has been lost, especially once the UHV AC form a national a net, mean 500000 volt grid provinces between must solution column, a distribution network, which is equal to the national power grid unified state." China Energy Network's chief information officer Han Xiaoping said.
In addition to large network can realize unified dispatching, also can realize unified management, coordination of many problems in the process of the elimination of accident, timely control of local accident, so as to avoid blackouts. But this is only from a management point of view, if the country can solve the technical problems of network planning and network construction process fundamentally, would not have so many question. In the realization of | "Sanhua network" in the process, to a certain extent, violates the layering and zoning power safety guidelines. Cannot realize the layering and zoning of different voltage grade, realize mutual are connected in series, will form the electromagnetic loop network phenomenon, not only will the loss of power quality will cause power circuit. The electromagnetic loop network crack must be realized in the process of solution solution ring, ring, also have a negative impact, will eventually form a bad circulation, it is also a key point in dispute. Only large network of existing problems of our aversion, and future issues need to be cautious. (China Electric Power Network)